The reign of Elizabeth I is often thought of as a Golden Age. Elizabeth could be as ruthless and calculating as any King before her. But thankfully, Elizabeth proved to be a more tolerant ruler than Mary and tried to make England a fairer place for everyone. Athletic, musical, a poet. 1. Her flirtations with Robert Dudley, the love of her life, early on within her reign were marred by the suspicious death of his own wife.
The reigns of Elizabeth’s predecessors had seen much religious division in England. Many people in the 16th century believed that a woman wasn’t fit to rule, but Elizabeth was quick to prove them wrong!
The wrecked Spanish fleet can be seen in the window behind her.
Her ministers knew and Elizabeth certainly knew. He had the ear of the Queen and might poison her mind against them. In 1588, Philip sent a fleet of 130 ships, known as the Spanish Armada, to England. For someone who disliked making decisions, this was torture. Mary, Queen of Scots’ disastrous choice in husbands and the consequential loss of her throne and freedom also indicated to Elizabeth that a ruler, especially a female ruler, needed to be more careful in her choice of a consort. She had married Darnley whose lineage could be traced back to Henry VII, creating an even stronger claim.
Elizabeth was called for questioning but she admitted nothing and managed to extract herself from blame.
This returned England to the Protestant faith stating that public worship, religious books such as the Bible and prayers were to be conducted in English rather than Latin. But when Elizabeth heard the bells pealing to celebrate the death of Mary Queen of Scots, she was horrified. This story has become a favourite for writers of mysteries and thrillers to explore in their novels. Elizabeth’s elder half sister, Mary I, fared little better within her own marriage to the future Philip II of Spain, whom she married on 25th July 1554.
Ruthless, arrogant, passionate….
However, in 1544, Henry VIII returned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession after Edward. Thoth was an ancient Egyptian god of the moon, wisdom, writing, magic, judgment, balance and the dead. Many men proposed but Elizabeth always kept them waiting. With Learnodo he hopes to break the barriers of the education system and reach out to a limitless audience in a simple and cost effective way.
The warrant had been taken to Fotheringhay before she was ready.
The question of how to govern Ireland had created terrible problems for the Queen over the years but 1594 saw the start of the Nine Years War in which hundreds of English troops were killed. Mary’s husband, Philip II of Spain, proposed to Elizabeth after Mary’s death. Francis Walsingham, one of Elizabeth's most loyal ministers, was acutely aware of this. In 1601, near the end of her reign, Elizabeth gave what is known as the ‘Golden Speech‘ to her politicians. Young, female and powerful: was Elizabeth I a feminist? This served as a reminder to Elizabeth how dangerous love could be, especially following her youthful encounter with Thomas Seymour. The Queen felt strongly about her reasons not to marry. Queen Elizabeth I was the Queen of England and Ireland who ruled for more than 44 years and is considered one of the greatest monarchs in the history of England. Yet in 1566, parliament attempted to force her to marry. An overwhelming amount of evidence declares this notion to be false and discriminatory.
The Church of England’s doctrinal character today is largely based on this.
Mary went to live at the French court and at the age of fifteen married Francis, heir to the French throne. Were women fit to rule the country? The Queen herself was not as sharp as she once had been. Elizabeth, aware that she could be a threat to her throne, kept Mary prisoner for 19 years. – and Elizabeth removed from the line of succession (her right to inherit the throne).
Meanwhile, playwrights William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe and composers Thomas Tallis and William Byrd were all entertaining audiences during Elizabeth’s reign. But what was Elizabeth really like? Lady Jane Grey was Queen for only a matter of days before being toppled and eventually executed. Mary I died on 17th November 1558 and Elizabeth succeeded her. Of those beheaded of treason and adultery was that of her own mother, Anne Boleyn, on 19th May 1536, when Elizabeth was not quite three years old. The Elizabethan era is considered as the golden age in English history. Elizabeth was a different kind of Queen: quick-witted, clever and able to use feminine wiles to get her own way.
Born 7th September 1533, Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. The Spanish retreated, intending to sail around the British Isles and back to Spain. It had all happened too quickly. But her reluctance to marry was to become one of her biggest headaches.
Elizabeth I addressed the issue immediately after becoming queen through the famous Elizabethan Religious Settlement, which found a middle way between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. Using some clever tactics, they intercepted one of the letters and faked Mary’s handwriting at the end of it, asking for the identities of the plotters.
However, Thomas was soon caught up in a power struggle with his brother, the Lord Protector Edward Seymour, and was ‘condemned to death on charges of treason on 20th March 1549.’ Elizabeth and her servants were questioned over their involvement with Thomas Seymour and his suspected plan to marry Elizabeth, but no evidence was found against them. A full list of the Kings and Queens of England and Britain, with portraits and photos. Famously, Elizabeth lived and died as the 'Virgin Queen', resistant to being married off and obviously childless. Everyone, from court astrologers to Henry himself, was convinced Anne would give birth to a boy. They had known each other for years, and he was one of the first to be appointed to her Council. This was Elizabeth's duty and she should get on with it. In her childhood, apart from English, Elizabeth was taught French, Flemish, Italian, Greek, Latin and Spanish.
Elizabeth had a difficult childhood.
Ministers often dealt with matters without consulting her, and she became paranoid about the threat of assassination. The welfare of the country was her priority, not marriage. However, although Elizabeth was too young to understand the ‘speed and ruthfulness of Queen Anne’s downfall’ she was fully aware of her stepmother Catherine Howard’s execution on 13th February 1542, when she was eight years old. 10 Interesting Facts About Queen Elizabeth I of England, #1 Her mother was publicly executed on charges of treason, incest and adultery, #2 She was sexually abused by the husband of her step mother.
During the reign of Elizabeth, European nations sent explorers across the Atlantic Ocean in search of land and riches. But Elizabeth also had a reputation for leaving important decisions to the very last minute – much to the annoyance of her ministers! Supposedly, Elizabeth spoke five languages fluently by the age of eleven, and continued to learn bits of other languages, including German, as she grew older. This website uses cookies (not edible ones!
More than that, Elizabeth simply did not wish to be married. Aww, poor little thing…. – and spent a lot of her time expressing regret over decisions she’d made during her reign – especially the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. Crafted with great rhetorical skills, these helped her establish her authority and enhance her image. © In poetry and portraiture, she was not depicted as a normal woman but as a virgin or a goddess or both. On 24th March 1603 Elizabeth I died, having reigned for 44 years as a very popular queen. Flame-haired, white-faced and always lavishly dressed, Elizabeth possessed the natural charisma of her father, Henry VIII, and was the darling of her people. It was a girl, Elizabeth. However, Elizabeth was careful not to make the same disastrous mistake as her sister, that of marrying a Catholic foreign prince. But her fate was sealed when she failed to provide Henry with what he desperately wanted - a son. Faced with a dilemma - for example whether or not to sign the execution warrant of Mary Queen of Scots - Elizabeth would busy herself with other matters for months on end. Ignoring the pleas of her advisors Mary managed to escape from Lochleven and, disguised as a man, fled the country. Alexandra Briscoe has a background in documentary programme-making. She wept for days. The facts were taken from records held at Buckingham Palace. The unmarried status of Elizabeth inspired a cult of virginity.
Despite her feelings, she was not short of offers! Portraits of Elizabeth typically depict the queen with flaming red hair and an extremely white complexion. The queen was true to her word and never did marry, though rumours circulated about an affair between Elizabeth and Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Elizabeth was by then a skilled enough politician to know that her people would revolt if she married Dudley, due to the popular belief that he has ‘instigated the death of his inconvenient wife.’ Ironically, a similar turn of events occurred seven years later when Mary, Queen of Scots, married James, 4th Earl of Bothwell, whom the Scots believed had murdered her second husband Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, only weeks earlier.
Last updated 2011-02-17. Elizabeth's greatest achievement lay in the relationship she had forged with her people. Living in a world dictated by the whims of her father, Elizabeth could never be too certain of her position –or her life. Problem solved. Mary, Queen of Scots, ruled over Scotland from 1542 to 1567.
The ‘Babington Plot’ sought to overthrow Queen Elizabeth and place Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne. Sneaky! In 1558 the Protestant preacher John Knox wrote, 'It is more than a monster in nature that a woman should reign and bear empire over man.' The marriage was not successful though, ‘for although Mary fell deeply in love with Philip, he found her repellent.’ Unsurprisingly, the marriage produced no children, despite Mary’s expectant hopes during her phantom pregnancies that she would produce the longed for Catholic heir. She was crowned as the Queen of England and Ireland on 15th January 1559. She was one of the important figures in the British history. Elizabeth, meanwhile, was paralysed by indecision. Thomas Seymour, the husband of her father Henry VIII’s final wife, Catherine Parr, and the uncle of her younger half-brother, Edward VI, was executed for attempting to get the young Elizabeth to marry him. Mary was born at Linlithgow Palace in Scotland in 1542, the daughter of James V of Scotland and the French Mary of Guise. why so many soldiers survived the trenches. Worse still, Elizabeth had herself been declared illegitimate in a statute which had never been formally repealed, and knew that many Catholics considered Mary to be the rightful Queen of England.
Elizabeth was removed from the tower on May 22 but she remained under house arrest for almost a year. Her advisors thought she needed a husband to support her and an heir to succeed her. The nation was plagued with several problems including lengthy conflicts with Spain and in Ireland; increased tax burden on the public; and economic decline due to poor harvests and the cost of war. It was also a time during which national pride was instilled in the people through classical ideals, international expansion, naval triumph over the Spanish in the famous defeat of the Spanish Armada, and huge cultural development. She was the Queen of Scotland from 1543 until 1567, when she became very unpopular and was forced to abdicate (give up the throne). She wrote her own speeches and letters. Elizabeth enjoyed music and theatre and in 1583 created Queen Elizabeth’s Men – a royal troupe that went on to entertain her court frequently.
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